第91章 土地司(第1页)
“土地司?”
“对,百姓为什么造反?表面上是吃不饱,实际上是田地出了问题。”
明末土地兼并严重,先不提藩王的问题。
有大量土地的士绅阶级会通过各种手段隐瞒田产,少纳粮或者不纳粮。
纳税的总额是固定的,他们少缴了,农民们就得多缴。
于是农民们纷纷破产。
官府此时在干什么?
赈灾?
不,他们在征税。
田赋加正役加杂税本就不低,辽东战事临时加的三饷直接让农民没了活路。
破产还不够,没钱交税就抓进大牢用刑拷打。
很快,州府的监狱关满了拖欠税款的老百姓。
为了活命,老百姓只能揭竿而起。
他虽然免了全国一年田赋,但只是临时性的解决了问题,要想在根本上解决这个问题,必须成立新部门。
“这土地司是做什么的?”李邦华问。
朱连没有回答,而是再次反问:“我大明朝,什么人可以不纳粮?”
户部尚书方岳贡想都没想说道:“皇庄,宗室田产以及大明朝历代帝王赐出去的田产。”
朱连点头,好多人说明代士绅不纳粮是错误的。士绅只能减免,并不能不纳粮。优免人员每丁石只需要缴纳物料银,而不需要缴纳徭费。
举个例子,地主张三,家里的田地需要纳税米30石,家中有人丁30丁。那么按照朝廷的派征科则,他需要向政府缴纳:
30石×0.4113+30丁×0.0717+30石×0.3585=25.245两。
如果张三是朝堂三品大员,按照优免政策可以免粮20石,免丁30丁。
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